Brick-machine



(No Model.) '5 sheets-sheet 1.

J. J. BRBWIS.

BRICK MACHINE. l No. 395,871. Patented Jan. 8, 1889.

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(No Model.)

` 5 sneets-sheet 2. J. J. BREWIS.

BRICK MACHINE.

Patented Jan. 8, 1889.

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J. J. BREWIS.

BRICK MACHINE.

No. 395,871l Patented Jan.- 8,Y 1889.

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JOHN J, BREYIS, OF CHICAGO, LLINOIS.

BRICK-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION farming part of Letters Patent No. 395,87' 1, dated January 8, 1889.

Application filed January 23, 1888. Serial No. 261,655. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that l, JOHN J. BREWs, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Brick-Machines, of which the followi ng is a speci lication, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

My invention relates to improvements in brick-machines, and is designed as an improvement on the machine for which Letters Patent ilo. 324,453 were granted to me August 1S, 1885.

The object of my present invention is to provide a mechanism which will press the clay iirst on one side and then on the other,

to exclude the air from the clay and to prevent the formation of cracks or seams in the brick, and at the same time give the brick a smooth and glazed appearance.

A further object of my invention is'to remove the brick from the lower plunger by means of the clay-hopper in such a manner as to preserve the uniform shape of the brick and prevent thc loose clay from adhering to thesame.

Other novel features will be fully described iereinafter, and pointed out in the claims.

Referringto the drawings, Figure 1 is a side view of my improved machine. Fig. 2 is also a side view, partly in section.l Fig. 3 is a front view, partly in section. Fig. -i is a top or plan view. Fig. 5 is a top or plan viewof the table ot the machine and the moldfilling boxes. Fig. is a sectional end view of the mold-filling boxes and the table on which they work. Fig. T is a side view, partly in section, of a machine in which single toggles are used. Fig. S is a side view, also in section, showing the shelf removed.

A indicates the sides of the machine, which are made of cast-i ron or other suitable material and joined together by means of cross bars or l tion to the gear-wheel E on the shaft F, said shaft being also mounted in suitable bearings in t-he frame A of the machine. The shaft F is also provided with a pinion-wheel, G, which meshes with the gear-wheel. H.

The geaiewheel H is mounted on the shaft I, said shaft being also mounted in suitable bearings in the frame of the machine and provided with a crank, K, to which one end of the pitman L is secured, the other end of said pitman being secured tothe ioggle-levers M, as will more'fully appear.

The outer ends of the shafts l are provided with wrist-pins N, to which one end of the levers O are secured, the other ends of said levers being secured to the ends of a shaft or bar, P, which connects the toggles Q The lower ends of the toggle-levers H and Q are connected to the cross-head R, to which the upper plungers, S, are secured, said crosshead being adapted to work in suitable guides in the sides of the machine.

The upper end of the toggle-levers lll and Q are connected to the cross head or barT, which is adapted to work in slots in the sides of the machine, said bar T being connected at its outer ends with the upper ends of the rods or bars U, the lower end of said bars being secured to the cross-head V, on which the lower plungers, are mounted.

It will be noticed that when the toggle-leman L and levers O through the shaft I, pressure is exerted by the top plungers on the top of the brick, and the lower cross-head, V, with the plunger 'W are drawn up by the rods U to press the lower side of the brick.

A is a bar, one end of which is secured to the base of the machine, while the other end head T, and is secured to the screw-rod B', said screw-rod being passed up through the bracket C and provided with a hand-wheel, D', by which the rod A is raised or lowered, which regulates the distance the lower crossl head is to drop, and in this manner the lower plungers can be adjusted at any point within the mold, and thus regulate the amount of clay deposited in the molds. The lower side of the cross-head V is provided with a rubber block, E', which receives the force of the blow vers M and Q are being operated b v the pit-A of said bar projects forward under the cross' IOO wllell ille Cross-head Y drops down on ille adj llsili ll g-bar A.

ll" al'e irieiliollrollers secured io ille joini. oi' ille toggle-levers M, said i'rieinioll-rolls beillg adzlpied io resi:` llpoll alld il'avel on ille shelves or braekeis G', provided wiill elll'ved ol' uneven surfaces, ovel' wlliell ille ii'rieiiole rolls pass and by whieh ille pl'essul'e eau be exerted eiizher on ille iop or boiliolll oi? ille briek, or viee versa; ol' by lllaking ille slleli sil'aigllii or level on iop ille pressure eall be applied i'roln ille opposiie sides ai ille same iillle.

The eurve, as shown ai; ll, Fig. 2, allows ille upperplungers io elliel' ille lllold alld illell eollle io a periodoi resi, while ille lowel' plunger moves up a eerizlill disilallee io give ille pressure il'olll below. Then ille llppel' plllllgers are moved dowll again b v ille illelina ilions on illle shelves (l, illus giving` iwo disiillei travels or pressures ai diliereniiiilillleson ille brick, wlliell allows ille air io eseape from ille elay and llloves ille ellly baek and iori'll ill ille lllold during ille pl'essillg proeess, so illai' ille sides oi' ille briek al'e made slllooiill and il'ee i'rom eraeks. l-`or example, l will desigllaie ille pivoi` ol ille upper toggle as ll'1 and ille pivoiA oi' ille lower izoggle, as ll, so illaiy if ille upper pari of ille slleli G is on all a re oi' a erel e wiill ll* as a cellier ll4 will relllaill silliionaryv and lli will be llloved up. lii illis are is changed io all are i'rolll ll5 as a eelliier, ll will relllaill siailionary and lll will be lowered, so iillai all)v ellallge ill ille shape oi' illese ilwo ares will produee a eorrespolldillg ehange ill ille lnovelllenis oi.' ll* and lli", alld in illis way all illiermiiielli pressure is exerted on ille brick. Il ille upper side ol ille sllelif il is level, ll'i will be lowered ille sallle disillnee illai H5 is raised.

I are irieiiilll-wheels ii rllllyseeured ill braekeis K on ille ouiside ol' ille iframe oi? ille maelline, agaillsi'. wlliell ille levers (i') illlpillge io l'aise ille ioggle-levers alld ille upper and lower plunger ai'ier ille pressing operailioll has illken plaee This isaeeolllplislled ill ille i'ollowing manner: Aiiel' ille ioggles llave beell drawn illio :l veriiieal lille and ille pressure applied io i'ornl ille brielgille projections ll on ille levers i) eome, ill eonilaei wiill ille il'ieilen-rollers fi,wllile ille sllaii'il I, eollililluillg iis llloiioll, depresses ille rear ellds alld `raises ille ii'l'oni:` ends oi izhe levers O, ille frieiiollrollers l aeiing as i'ulerullls for said levers ullil'l ille plullgel's al'e raised and ille brieks ejeeted ij'rolll ille molds b v ille upward movelllellil oi' ille lower plllll'gers. As soon as ille bricks are ejeeied ij'ronl ille molds alld ille clay-box llloves over io push ille brieks oi'ii" of ille lower plungers, ille lower plunger l'eeedes, so as io allow ille elalv io iill ille molds, as will lllol'e fully llerlzlinaifiel' appear.

rPhe downward lllovemelli oig' ille lower l llullgers is aeeonlplislled b v ille l'ear inclined poril'oll oi ille plojeeilioills ll, passing over ille i'rieilioll-rolls I', whiell allows ille elliire pressillg llleellanisnl io dl'op ill ille sloi's oi' ille side irallles. The eoniiillued roiaiioll olf ille sllaii'i I now brings ille rear ellds oi ille levers O io illeir llighesiI poi nis, and ill iis rearward iravel ille ioggles M and (2 are broughi iogeiller and ille requisite pressure applied io ille el:l v io iorlll a peri'eei briek.

M is ille feed-box wlliell supplies ille elay io ille lllolds i'ronl ille clay-hopper M, said box being al'l'allged io slide on ille -iable N.

'llle ieed-box M is eiilnlleeied aiy iis rear elld ilo ille bell-erank lever 0 by ille bars l, said bellserallk being seellred io or lllade pari oil' ille sllali O", wlliell is pivoied ill ille sides or irallle oi' ille lllaellille.

'lhe bell-erallk lever (7) is provided wiill :l sind, l", wlliell projeeis inio ille calli-groove l,iornled on ille illside oii' ille spur-wllii-el Il, said siudflleillg provided wiill a i'riei ion-wheel, Q, on ille elld wllieh ellilers ille ellllrgroove and pl'evellis ille sides oi said groove i'l'om wearing ille elld oi ille sind l".

'.llle Gallrgroove R is so i'orlned illaiI ille bell-erank lever will be lperaied io move ille leed-box forward, io push ille nelvllforllled briek i'rolll oil" ille iop oi ille lower pll'lngers, and also io iill ille mold-boxes wiill clay when ille lower plungers llave dropped down io illeir lowesilposiiion ill ille molds, ai'i er wlliell ille :feed-box is dl'awll qllieklvbaek ouiI oi ille wav olf ille upper pl ullgel's,as is usual ill illis elass oi seli-ieeding reeiproeai'illg lllaellilles.

'llle ilal lle N is made wiill inelined sides, as sllowll ill Fig. ll,alld ille sides oi ille 'leeddlox lll are provided wiill gllide-si'rips S,ille lower edges oi wlliell are beveled io iii ille inelilled sllri'aees oil' ille iallle. The guide-si'rips S are lllade adiusiallle ill any suii able manner, so illev ean be moved down as ille lower sul'l'aees are wol'll away.

rllle objeei olf lllaking ille table inelilled is io allow ille ela)v wlliell has ioul'ld iis way oui irolll ulldel' ille feed-box io drop clown out ol;l ille way, and illus prevent ille wearing away oi. ille boiiiolll oi' ille Feed-box alld ille iop oi' ille iable.

il" is a piece oi' wood or oi-ller suiiable lllaijerial seellred io ille i'rolli elld of the feed.- box, ille ironil edge oi:l ille pieee T being ar ranged io be on a lille wiill ille rear walls oi? ille lllolds when ille ieed-b0X is ill iis rear ward posiilioll, as sllowll ill lfigs. 2, 5, 7, and S, The oi'iiee or iulleiion oli' this piece is io prevelli all aeeulnlllaiioll oif ille elavon i-lle i'able ill i'rollil oi? ille :feed-box, wlliell would be plasiered onio ille elld oi' illebriek Aill ille ii'orward lllovelllell i'. oli' illle lleed-box ii ille piece T were noi; used. A i'llriller advalliage oi: ille piece T .is that wllell ille bricks are ejected lil'olll ille lllold illey come up directly ill frollil oi' said pieee, and allllosi, il. noi quite, ill eeni'aei:` wiill ii, so illail wllen ille feed-box is moved forward ille bricks will be pushed oil' ille lower plilllgers ollio ille il'ollil elld oi' ille iable N 'wiillollil being injured, as would be ille ease ii? ille feed-box. were allowed. izo geitl well lllldel' wav ill iis ii'orward lllovelnellil bel iore ii ealne ill eolliaei wiill ille newly-formed IIO bricks. This is an important feature of my invention, for the reason that the bricks come from the machine in a most perfect form, without having their edges bruised or mashed and without having lumps of clay adhering to the same.

The upper edge of the piece T' is beveled, as shown, so that the upper plunger in its descent will push the feed-box back out of the way in case there is any lost motion in the mechanism which operates the feed-box.

In Figs. 7 and S I have shown a single toggle vfor operating the plungers instead of two, as has been described. In Fig. 7 I have shown the adjustable curved shelf for giving the two pressures on opposite sides of the brick, as has been indicated, while in Fig. S I have shown an adjustable stop, A", secured to the cross-head R, which allows the upper plunger to enter the mold-'box a certain and predetermined distance, so as to give the necessary amount of pressure to the top ol' the brick until the stop A" strikes the top of the table and arrests the further downward moveine-nt of the upper plunger. rlhe lower plunger now raised by the straightening of the toggles, so as to exert pressure on the brick, and in this way first a top and then a bottom pressure is exerted on the brick.

\Vhat I claim, and desire to secure by lietters Patent, is-

i. In a blick-machine for compressing substances into form, a toggle-lever or series of toggle-levers connected at their upper ends to a movable cross-head which in turn is secured or connected to a cross-head support ing the lower plungers, and mechanism, substantially as described, for operating said togi gle-levers, in combination with the shelves G', having irregular surfaces, whereby pressure is exerted iirst on one and then on the other side of the brick, as set forth.

2. In a brick-machine of the character described, the toggle-levers provided with frietion wheels l1", in' combination with the shelves or ways G', having an irregular or broken surface, as set forth, whereby the plungers are caused to exercise a variable pressure on the clay.

3. In a lnick-machine of the character described, the pitman or lever O, for operating the toggles, in combination with the fixed or stationary fricti 1m\\'lieels I', operating as a fulcrum for said levers, as set forth.

4. In a self-feeding brick-machine of the character described, the table N', having invclined surfaces, as described, in combination with the feed-box M', having the adjustable sides S', as and for the purpose set forth.

5. The cross-head V, provided with the rubber cushion E', in combination with the lever A', rod B', and hand-wheel D', whereby the lower plungers are adjusted in the molds, as set forth.

(i. In a ln-ick-machinc ol' the character delscribed, the adjustable stud or bolt i' secured to the cross-head R, as described, whereby the downward movement ofA the upper plungers is arrested, as set forth.

In testimony whereotl I atlix my signature 1n presence of two witnesses.

JOHN J. BREWIS.

ll'itnesses: v

VFRED R. Pneu, C. A. PECK. 

